Edward Dallam Melillo
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780300206623
- eISBN:
- 9780300216486
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300206623.003.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Economic History
This chapter focuses on Spain's ambitious imperial project in the Americas, detailing the various connections forged between Chile and California. During the sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth ...
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This chapter focuses on Spain's ambitious imperial project in the Americas, detailing the various connections forged between Chile and California. During the sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth centuries, Spain aggressively expanded its holdings on the eastern edge of the Pacific and established military outposts and settlements from the fertile plains of central Chile north to the San Francisco Bay Area. Both Alta California (Upper California) and Baja California (Lower California) were part of the Virreinato de Nueva España (Viceroyalty of New Spain), the formal name of Spanish colonial Mexico until Mexican independence in 1821. In 1804, the Spanish divided the two Californias between the Dominican mission territories in the south and the Franciscan religious colonies in the north. Thus, Alta California and Chile were the geographical ballast at either end of a vast longitudinal Cordillera.Less
This chapter focuses on Spain's ambitious imperial project in the Americas, detailing the various connections forged between Chile and California. During the sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth centuries, Spain aggressively expanded its holdings on the eastern edge of the Pacific and established military outposts and settlements from the fertile plains of central Chile north to the San Francisco Bay Area. Both Alta California (Upper California) and Baja California (Lower California) were part of the Virreinato de Nueva España (Viceroyalty of New Spain), the formal name of Spanish colonial Mexico until Mexican independence in 1821. In 1804, the Spanish divided the two Californias between the Dominican mission territories in the south and the Franciscan religious colonies in the north. Thus, Alta California and Chile were the geographical ballast at either end of a vast longitudinal Cordillera.
Teresa Shewry
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780816691579
- eISBN:
- 9781452952390
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9780816691579.003.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, World Literature
The introduction overviews literary engagements with hope in the context of Pacific Ocean. It introduces the book’s literary and theoretical archive. In this book the author explores literary works ...
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The introduction overviews literary engagements with hope in the context of Pacific Ocean. It introduces the book’s literary and theoretical archive. In this book the author explores literary works that evoke futures in terms of openness and promise. The Introduction also introduces some of some of the broad aims of the book, such as to explore stories about hope that are entangled in a the environmental life of the ocean and that has never been theorized in a direct sustained way in ecocriticism. The author also expands upon the controversial nature of hope, and how hope and the idea of utopia function in this book.Less
The introduction overviews literary engagements with hope in the context of Pacific Ocean. It introduces the book’s literary and theoretical archive. In this book the author explores literary works that evoke futures in terms of openness and promise. The Introduction also introduces some of some of the broad aims of the book, such as to explore stories about hope that are entangled in a the environmental life of the ocean and that has never been theorized in a direct sustained way in ecocriticism. The author also expands upon the controversial nature of hope, and how hope and the idea of utopia function in this book.
Teresa Shewry
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780816691579
- eISBN:
- 9781452952390
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9780816691579.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, World Literature
The Pacific Ocean has long inspired literary imaginings of promising worlds, including Thomas More’s Utopia and Francis Bacon’s New Atlantis. This book asks how literary writers imagine ocean futures ...
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The Pacific Ocean has long inspired literary imaginings of promising worlds, including Thomas More’s Utopia and Francis Bacon’s New Atlantis. This book asks how literary writers imagine ocean futures more recently, providing a perspective on imagination and art in the context that the sweeping environmental changes are reshaping life possibilities in the Pacific. It looks at contemporary poetry, short stories, art, and journalistic writings from Australia, New Zealand, and Hawai‘i, among other sites, exploring their imaginative accounts of present life and futures in varied sites where people live closely with environmental loss. These literary writings are crafted to offer relationships with the future that include hope, an awareness of the future as a site of openness and promise. Literary writers evoke hope not by turning away from the realities of environmental loss and damage but rather through attunement to the beings, commitments, and struggles of the present world and the futures that such a world might shape. Drawing together ecocriticism and theories of hope, this book makes an argument for hope as a creative and critical engagement with present and past environmental constraints, including myriad forms of loss. It also reflects on the critical approaches that hope as an analytic category opens up for the study of environmental literature. Through this category, the book develops a method for reading literary works as creative accounts of present life and futures that offer hope, among their modes of engagement with the ocean.Less
The Pacific Ocean has long inspired literary imaginings of promising worlds, including Thomas More’s Utopia and Francis Bacon’s New Atlantis. This book asks how literary writers imagine ocean futures more recently, providing a perspective on imagination and art in the context that the sweeping environmental changes are reshaping life possibilities in the Pacific. It looks at contemporary poetry, short stories, art, and journalistic writings from Australia, New Zealand, and Hawai‘i, among other sites, exploring their imaginative accounts of present life and futures in varied sites where people live closely with environmental loss. These literary writings are crafted to offer relationships with the future that include hope, an awareness of the future as a site of openness and promise. Literary writers evoke hope not by turning away from the realities of environmental loss and damage but rather through attunement to the beings, commitments, and struggles of the present world and the futures that such a world might shape. Drawing together ecocriticism and theories of hope, this book makes an argument for hope as a creative and critical engagement with present and past environmental constraints, including myriad forms of loss. It also reflects on the critical approaches that hope as an analytic category opens up for the study of environmental literature. Through this category, the book develops a method for reading literary works as creative accounts of present life and futures that offer hope, among their modes of engagement with the ocean.
Neil Rennie
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198186274
- eISBN:
- 9780191674471
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198186274.003.0008
- Subject:
- Literature, American, 18th Century and Early American Literature
The Lucy Ann sailed from Sydney on February 1842 for whales in the Pacific Ocean, and lost eight of its crew and its second mate on the island of Tahuata in the Marquesas, where they deserted in ...
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The Lucy Ann sailed from Sydney on February 1842 for whales in the Pacific Ocean, and lost eight of its crew and its second mate on the island of Tahuata in the Marquesas, where they deserted in June. The Lucy Ann signed on two new sailors at Nukuhiva on August 8th and, on the following day, another, Herman Melville, escaping from the Taipi. The pattern more obviously present in Typee, of escape and captivity, can also be discerned beneath the surface of its sequel, Omoo: A Narrative of Adventures in the South Seas (1847), an apparently unpatterned, wandering narrative with a title Melville glossed in his Preface. Omoo begins where Typee ends, with ‘Melville's’ escape from Nukuhiva in the Julia (in reality the Lucy Ann), and deviates into fiction by describing the Julia's return to the Marquesan island of Tahuata ‘for the purpose of obtaining eight seamen, who, some weeks before, had stepped ashore there from the Julia’, as indeed they had in reality from the Lucy Ann.Less
The Lucy Ann sailed from Sydney on February 1842 for whales in the Pacific Ocean, and lost eight of its crew and its second mate on the island of Tahuata in the Marquesas, where they deserted in June. The Lucy Ann signed on two new sailors at Nukuhiva on August 8th and, on the following day, another, Herman Melville, escaping from the Taipi. The pattern more obviously present in Typee, of escape and captivity, can also be discerned beneath the surface of its sequel, Omoo: A Narrative of Adventures in the South Seas (1847), an apparently unpatterned, wandering narrative with a title Melville glossed in his Preface. Omoo begins where Typee ends, with ‘Melville's’ escape from Nukuhiva in the Julia (in reality the Lucy Ann), and deviates into fiction by describing the Julia's return to the Marquesan island of Tahuata ‘for the purpose of obtaining eight seamen, who, some weeks before, had stepped ashore there from the Julia’, as indeed they had in reality from the Lucy Ann.
Janis Searles Jones, Ivy Fredrickson, and Adena Leibman
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199368747
- eISBN:
- 9780199368761
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199368747.003.0007
- Subject:
- Law, Environmental and Energy Law, Public International Law
This chapter explores climate change impacts to marine fisheries and habitats in the U.S. waters of the Pacific and Arctic Oceans. The chapter examines the numerous challenges climate change poses to ...
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This chapter explores climate change impacts to marine fisheries and habitats in the U.S. waters of the Pacific and Arctic Oceans. The chapter examines the numerous challenges climate change poses to the health of fish stocks and the effectiveness and utility of current fisheries management systems. The chapter considers impacts to marine habitats and the challenges to protecting marine habitats in rapidly changing ecosystem conditions caused by climate change. The chapter also analyzes current fisheries management and habitat protection in the Pacific and Arctic under the Magnuson-Stevens Act and how that law can be used to address climate change or adapt to climate change impacts, as well as other laws that overlap in the fisheries and habitat context in the region.Less
This chapter explores climate change impacts to marine fisheries and habitats in the U.S. waters of the Pacific and Arctic Oceans. The chapter examines the numerous challenges climate change poses to the health of fish stocks and the effectiveness and utility of current fisheries management systems. The chapter considers impacts to marine habitats and the challenges to protecting marine habitats in rapidly changing ecosystem conditions caused by climate change. The chapter also analyzes current fisheries management and habitat protection in the Pacific and Arctic under the Magnuson-Stevens Act and how that law can be used to address climate change or adapt to climate change impacts, as well as other laws that overlap in the fisheries and habitat context in the region.
Patrick D. Nunn
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- November 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780824832193
- eISBN:
- 9780824870188
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Hawai'i Press
- DOI:
- 10.21313/hawaii/9780824832193.003.0002
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Pacific Studies
The Pacific Basin comprises two distinct parts, the continental Pacific Rim and the oceanic Pacific Ocean and Islands. Rather than being a single giant basin, the modern Pacific Basin is actually a ...
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The Pacific Basin comprises two distinct parts, the continental Pacific Rim and the oceanic Pacific Ocean and Islands. Rather than being a single giant basin, the modern Pacific Basin is actually a series of basins divided by ranges of mountains (mostly underwater). Despite their diversity, these ocean basins share a common oceanic origin, broadly unrelated to the origins of the continents, which are mostly much older. This chapter outlines the background to the dynamic condition of the Pacific Basin. It explains its evolution and describes the processes by which movements of the land (tectonic movements) have taken place. Topics covered include the history of the Pacific; uplift, subsidence, sea-level changes in the Pacific; and the inability to verify theories (or models) that seek to explain historical processes of earth-surface evolution because they deal with things that happened in the past.Less
The Pacific Basin comprises two distinct parts, the continental Pacific Rim and the oceanic Pacific Ocean and Islands. Rather than being a single giant basin, the modern Pacific Basin is actually a series of basins divided by ranges of mountains (mostly underwater). Despite their diversity, these ocean basins share a common oceanic origin, broadly unrelated to the origins of the continents, which are mostly much older. This chapter outlines the background to the dynamic condition of the Pacific Basin. It explains its evolution and describes the processes by which movements of the land (tectonic movements) have taken place. Topics covered include the history of the Pacific; uplift, subsidence, sea-level changes in the Pacific; and the inability to verify theories (or models) that seek to explain historical processes of earth-surface evolution because they deal with things that happened in the past.
Lon Kurashige (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780824855765
- eISBN:
- 9780824875596
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Hawai'i Press
- DOI:
- 10.21313/hawaii/9780824855765.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, World Modern History
This book explores international relations, migration, diaspora, trade, war, conquest, and historical memory within and across the Asia-Pacific region from the late fourteenth to the twenty-first ...
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This book explores international relations, migration, diaspora, trade, war, conquest, and historical memory within and across the Asia-Pacific region from the late fourteenth to the twenty-first centuries. Its fifteen chapters are organized by four sections focusing on China and the early modern world, circuits of migration and trade, racism and imperialism, and the significance of Pacific islands. The main temporal focus is on the modern period since the mid-nineteenth century, as well as on the crucial influence exerted by the United States on the Asia-Pacific region during this time. While diplomatic and economic relations are addressed, the chapters are especially concerned with the history from the “bottom up,” including attention to social relations and processes, individual and group agency, and collective memory. The book provides a view of US history from the perspective of the Asia-Pacific region, revealing a vision that is not centered on the narrative of the nation’s movement from East to West. The view from the Pacific Ocean provides a better understanding of the relevance of the past for today’s Pacific world in which the US has become more tightly integrated than ever with the Asia-Pacific region.Less
This book explores international relations, migration, diaspora, trade, war, conquest, and historical memory within and across the Asia-Pacific region from the late fourteenth to the twenty-first centuries. Its fifteen chapters are organized by four sections focusing on China and the early modern world, circuits of migration and trade, racism and imperialism, and the significance of Pacific islands. The main temporal focus is on the modern period since the mid-nineteenth century, as well as on the crucial influence exerted by the United States on the Asia-Pacific region during this time. While diplomatic and economic relations are addressed, the chapters are especially concerned with the history from the “bottom up,” including attention to social relations and processes, individual and group agency, and collective memory. The book provides a view of US history from the perspective of the Asia-Pacific region, revealing a vision that is not centered on the narrative of the nation’s movement from East to West. The view from the Pacific Ocean provides a better understanding of the relevance of the past for today’s Pacific world in which the US has become more tightly integrated than ever with the Asia-Pacific region.
Rainer F. Buschmann
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- November 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780824831844
- eISBN:
- 9780824869960
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Hawai'i Press
- DOI:
- 10.21313/hawaii/9780824831844.003.0001
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Social and Cultural Anthropology
This introductory chapter begins with a brief discussion of the increasing reconciliation between the disciplines of anthropology and history. It then to European exploration of the Pacific Ocean and ...
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This introductory chapter begins with a brief discussion of the increasing reconciliation between the disciplines of anthropology and history. It then to European exploration of the Pacific Ocean and the emergence of two leading concerns during the last decades of the eighteenth and the early decades of the nineteenth centuries: ethnic boundaries and ethnographic frontiers. From the 1800s forward, learned individuals looked to the Pacific Ocean for answers to cultural and racial puzzles. The delineation of ethnic boundaries became a primary concern in the local delineation of Oceania's vast liquid spaces. The term “ethnographic frontier” has been greatly inspired by world historical inquiries. Initially outlined by American historian Frederick Jackson Turner, the term expanded in meaning to indicate a process of progressive settlement that promised insights into the unique American character of the early twentieth century. The term is now considered a fluid construct that involves constant negotiations, whether peaceful or violent. An overview of the subsequent chapters is also presented.Less
This introductory chapter begins with a brief discussion of the increasing reconciliation between the disciplines of anthropology and history. It then to European exploration of the Pacific Ocean and the emergence of two leading concerns during the last decades of the eighteenth and the early decades of the nineteenth centuries: ethnic boundaries and ethnographic frontiers. From the 1800s forward, learned individuals looked to the Pacific Ocean for answers to cultural and racial puzzles. The delineation of ethnic boundaries became a primary concern in the local delineation of Oceania's vast liquid spaces. The term “ethnographic frontier” has been greatly inspired by world historical inquiries. Initially outlined by American historian Frederick Jackson Turner, the term expanded in meaning to indicate a process of progressive settlement that promised insights into the unique American character of the early twentieth century. The term is now considered a fluid construct that involves constant negotiations, whether peaceful or violent. An overview of the subsequent chapters is also presented.
Rainer F. Buschmann, Edward R. Slack, and James B. Tueller
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- November 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780824838249
- eISBN:
- 9780824868536
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Hawai'i Press
- DOI:
- 10.21313/hawaii/9780824838249.003.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Pacific Studies
This introductory chapter provides an overview of the book's main themes. The authors of this volume approach diverse Iberian episodes in the Pacific Ocean by focusing on three particular aspects. ...
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This introductory chapter provides an overview of the book's main themes. The authors of this volume approach diverse Iberian episodes in the Pacific Ocean by focusing on three particular aspects. First, it argues that, for the Spanish empire, the Pacific should not be arbitrarily separated from the Atlantic Ocean; a multilayered connectivity existed between these two oceans in the Iberian world. Second, there simultaneously existed two competing visions of the Spanish Lake: in one it was an administrative realm of control stretching to actual colonies in the Mariana and Philippine islands; in the other vision, it was an imagined or conceptual counterpart that became a geopolitical extension of the Peruvian and Mexican shores and as such clashed with emerging Franco-British conceptions of the Pacific. Third, the dynamics between the literal and conceptual Spanish Lake gave rise to a more tolerant program of cultural assimilation compared to the draconian version imposed on New World inhabitants, based—for the most part—on negotiations and compromises with local elites.Less
This introductory chapter provides an overview of the book's main themes. The authors of this volume approach diverse Iberian episodes in the Pacific Ocean by focusing on three particular aspects. First, it argues that, for the Spanish empire, the Pacific should not be arbitrarily separated from the Atlantic Ocean; a multilayered connectivity existed between these two oceans in the Iberian world. Second, there simultaneously existed two competing visions of the Spanish Lake: in one it was an administrative realm of control stretching to actual colonies in the Mariana and Philippine islands; in the other vision, it was an imagined or conceptual counterpart that became a geopolitical extension of the Peruvian and Mexican shores and as such clashed with emerging Franco-British conceptions of the Pacific. Third, the dynamics between the literal and conceptual Spanish Lake gave rise to a more tolerant program of cultural assimilation compared to the draconian version imposed on New World inhabitants, based—for the most part—on negotiations and compromises with local elites.
Rainer F. Buschmann
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- November 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780824831844
- eISBN:
- 9780824869960
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Hawai'i Press
- DOI:
- 10.21313/hawaii/9780824831844.003.0009
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Social and Cultural Anthropology
This chapter proposes to return a global historical flavor to anthropology. It examines German tradition in light of other anthropological endeavors in the Pacific Ocean. It begins by looking at the ...
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This chapter proposes to return a global historical flavor to anthropology. It examines German tradition in light of other anthropological endeavors in the Pacific Ocean. It begins by looking at the academic and colonial settings of American and British anthropology in the Pacific Islands. It then explores general interbleeding ethnographic frontiers throughout the Pacific Islands. Finally, it seeks to transcend German New Guinea to provide an outline of anthropological studies in the Pacific Ocean between 1760 and 1945. It argues that despite the problematic interference of imperial boundaries with ethnographic frontiers, it was in the Pacific that the establishment of imperial territories assisted the development of ethnographic endeavors. Both British and German imperial realms incorporated crucial ethnographic frontiers, especially territories that were identified as frontier regions between the stipulated static division of Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia.Less
This chapter proposes to return a global historical flavor to anthropology. It examines German tradition in light of other anthropological endeavors in the Pacific Ocean. It begins by looking at the academic and colonial settings of American and British anthropology in the Pacific Islands. It then explores general interbleeding ethnographic frontiers throughout the Pacific Islands. Finally, it seeks to transcend German New Guinea to provide an outline of anthropological studies in the Pacific Ocean between 1760 and 1945. It argues that despite the problematic interference of imperial boundaries with ethnographic frontiers, it was in the Pacific that the establishment of imperial territories assisted the development of ethnographic endeavors. Both British and German imperial realms incorporated crucial ethnographic frontiers, especially territories that were identified as frontier regions between the stipulated static division of Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia.
