Nikola Čašule
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199600755
- eISBN:
- 9780191738791
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199600755.003.0012
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Literary Studies: Classical, Early, and Medieval
This chapter analyses the evidence for Roman integration in networks of trade and communication in the Adriatic Sea during the third century bc, and its impact upon modern interpretations of the ...
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This chapter analyses the evidence for Roman integration in networks of trade and communication in the Adriatic Sea during the third century bc, and its impact upon modern interpretations of the Romans' military intervention in the Greek east. New archaeological evidence for the character and function of trans-Adriatic networks based around a regional cult to the Greek hero Diomedes confirms that the third century Adriatic was an interconnected entity whose polities enjoyed strong links with each other and the wider Mediterranean world. Numismatic finds and the occurrence of Roman and Latin names in the epigraphic record of the eastern Adriatic demonstrate that Romans were active participants in these networks, with individual Romans becoming substantially integrated in the civic life of the region. These findings demand a reassessment of recent scholarship which has argued that the Romans were unfamiliar with the eastern Adriatic at the time of their first military intervention there in 229 bc.Less
This chapter analyses the evidence for Roman integration in networks of trade and communication in the Adriatic Sea during the third century bc, and its impact upon modern interpretations of the Romans' military intervention in the Greek east. New archaeological evidence for the character and function of trans-Adriatic networks based around a regional cult to the Greek hero Diomedes confirms that the third century Adriatic was an interconnected entity whose polities enjoyed strong links with each other and the wider Mediterranean world. Numismatic finds and the occurrence of Roman and Latin names in the epigraphic record of the eastern Adriatic demonstrate that Romans were active participants in these networks, with individual Romans becoming substantially integrated in the civic life of the region. These findings demand a reassessment of recent scholarship which has argued that the Romans were unfamiliar with the eastern Adriatic at the time of their first military intervention there in 229 bc.
KAHRAMAN ŞAKUL
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197264423
- eISBN:
- 9780191734793
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197264423.003.0013
- Subject:
- History, Middle East History
This chapter attempts to analyse the shift in the Adriatic policy of the Ottoman Empire in the Napoleonic period. The focus is on the formation of the Republic of the Seven United Islands — the ...
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This chapter attempts to analyse the shift in the Adriatic policy of the Ottoman Empire in the Napoleonic period. The focus is on the formation of the Republic of the Seven United Islands — the Ionian islands of Corfu, Paxos, Leucada, Cephalonia, Ithaca, Zante and Cythera — through active Ottoman and Russian intervention. Ottoman-Russian quarrels over the status of the Republic as well as the conflict between imperial realities versus local interests are integral to the understanding of the delicacies of running the Adriatic frontier in the Napoleonic period. When the Russo-Ottoman alliance shattered and the Ionian Islands were abandoned to the French together with the four coastal towns, the Ottomans once again resorted to the good old policy of cautious diplomacy; that is to say, the provisioning of the occupying force in Corfu.Less
This chapter attempts to analyse the shift in the Adriatic policy of the Ottoman Empire in the Napoleonic period. The focus is on the formation of the Republic of the Seven United Islands — the Ionian islands of Corfu, Paxos, Leucada, Cephalonia, Ithaca, Zante and Cythera — through active Ottoman and Russian intervention. Ottoman-Russian quarrels over the status of the Republic as well as the conflict between imperial realities versus local interests are integral to the understanding of the delicacies of running the Adriatic frontier in the Napoleonic period. When the Russo-Ottoman alliance shattered and the Ionian Islands were abandoned to the French together with the four coastal towns, the Ottomans once again resorted to the good old policy of cautious diplomacy; that is to say, the provisioning of the occupying force in Corfu.
William G. Thalmann
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199731572
- eISBN:
- 9780199896752
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199731572.003.0007
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, World History: BCE to 500CE
This chapter considers the Argonauts’ circuitous route home, especially their voyages in the Adriatic and the western Mediterranean. In the Greek imagination, the Adriatic was a liminal space between ...
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This chapter considers the Argonauts’ circuitous route home, especially their voyages in the Adriatic and the western Mediterranean. In the Greek imagination, the Adriatic was a liminal space between Greece and the unknown. There were Greek colonies in the southern part of the sea, and the poem refers to the Corinthian colonization of Corcyra (Phaiakia). To the north, the eastern shore was controlled by the Illyrians and others. The poem portrays the Adriatic as a contact zone where people move around. The only signs the Argonauts leave of their presence have to do with the murder of Medea’s brother Apsyrtos, and the Adriatic resists incorporation into a Greek spatial system. Their exchange with the Hylleans of a tripod for information about their route provides an alternative model of relations between Greeks and others to colonial domination. The western Mediterranean, where the Argonauts pass places that will be the scene of Odysseus’s wanderings in the next generation without affecting them, similarly remains outside a Greek-centered space. In both regions, then, the poem’s construction of space meets further limits.Less
This chapter considers the Argonauts’ circuitous route home, especially their voyages in the Adriatic and the western Mediterranean. In the Greek imagination, the Adriatic was a liminal space between Greece and the unknown. There were Greek colonies in the southern part of the sea, and the poem refers to the Corinthian colonization of Corcyra (Phaiakia). To the north, the eastern shore was controlled by the Illyrians and others. The poem portrays the Adriatic as a contact zone where people move around. The only signs the Argonauts leave of their presence have to do with the murder of Medea’s brother Apsyrtos, and the Adriatic resists incorporation into a Greek spatial system. Their exchange with the Hylleans of a tripod for information about their route provides an alternative model of relations between Greeks and others to colonial domination. The western Mediterranean, where the Argonauts pass places that will be the scene of Odysseus’s wanderings in the next generation without affecting them, similarly remains outside a Greek-centered space. In both regions, then, the poem’s construction of space meets further limits.
Robert C. Davis and Garry R. Marvin
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520238039
- eISBN:
- 9780520937802
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520238039.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History
Beyond and all around Venice lie the islands of the Venetian Lagoon, scattered across the 250 square miles of marshes and open waters that stretch from Chioggia in the south to the fens and fish ...
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Beyond and all around Venice lie the islands of the Venetian Lagoon, scattered across the 250 square miles of marshes and open waters that stretch from Chioggia in the south to the fens and fish farms up north. Underneath all its marble-clad palaces, its history, and its tourists, Venice is just one cluster of muddy little islands among the many that dot this estuary. And, although none of the other islands of the Venetian Lagoon has ever been (or could be) as renowned as Venice itself, they, the world to which they belong, and the culture that their communities created have played their own essential role in developing tourism in Venice. Something of a breed apart in this insular world are the long barrier islands, the lidi, that separate and protect the Lagoon from the Adriatic Sea. The booming enthusiasm for sea bathing brought big changes to Lido. Indeed, from the 1890s until World War II, Lido resorts completely shifted the tourist center of gravity in Venice.Less
Beyond and all around Venice lie the islands of the Venetian Lagoon, scattered across the 250 square miles of marshes and open waters that stretch from Chioggia in the south to the fens and fish farms up north. Underneath all its marble-clad palaces, its history, and its tourists, Venice is just one cluster of muddy little islands among the many that dot this estuary. And, although none of the other islands of the Venetian Lagoon has ever been (or could be) as renowned as Venice itself, they, the world to which they belong, and the culture that their communities created have played their own essential role in developing tourism in Venice. Something of a breed apart in this insular world are the long barrier islands, the lidi, that separate and protect the Lagoon from the Adriatic Sea. The booming enthusiasm for sea bathing brought big changes to Lido. Indeed, from the 1890s until World War II, Lido resorts completely shifted the tourist center of gravity in Venice.
Filippo Coarelli
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520079601
- eISBN:
- 9780520935099
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520079601.003.0016
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Archaeology: Classical
Via Salaria was the oldest road leading out of Rome, proceeding northeast. Via Nomentana, terminating at Nomentum, is a more recent road, though its origins are nonetheless archaic. Via Flamiana was ...
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Via Salaria was the oldest road leading out of Rome, proceeding northeast. Via Nomentana, terminating at Nomentum, is a more recent road, though its origins are nonetheless archaic. Via Flamiana was built by C. Flaminius and was intended to connect Rome with the Adriatic Sea and with the Ager Gallicus. The first stretch of the Cassia was named Via Clodia, and was probably built to connect Rome with the colonies of Nepi and Sutri. Via Cassia was probably laid out by C. Cassius Longinus, the censor of 156 bc, in order to reach central Etruria.Less
Via Salaria was the oldest road leading out of Rome, proceeding northeast. Via Nomentana, terminating at Nomentum, is a more recent road, though its origins are nonetheless archaic. Via Flamiana was built by C. Flaminius and was intended to connect Rome with the Adriatic Sea and with the Ager Gallicus. The first stretch of the Cassia was named Via Clodia, and was probably built to connect Rome with the colonies of Nepi and Sutri. Via Cassia was probably laid out by C. Cassius Longinus, the censor of 156 bc, in order to reach central Etruria.
Timothy K. Nenninger and Charles Pelot Summerall
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780813126180
- eISBN:
- 9780813135649
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Kentucky
- DOI:
- 10.5810/kentucky/9780813126180.003.0022
- Subject:
- History, Military History
Strategically, Fiume was the most important city on the Adriatic. The old Roman road and the railroad from the Danube reached the coast at Fiume. Since ancient times, Fiume had been largely populated ...
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Strategically, Fiume was the most important city on the Adriatic. The old Roman road and the railroad from the Danube reached the coast at Fiume. Since ancient times, Fiume had been largely populated by Italians, as was most of the Adriatic coast. There was bitter hatred between the native inhabitants of the interior and the Italians. At this time, Charles Summerall was invited by General Pershing to accompany his party on a tour of Italy. They had visited England while Charles was at Fiume. While in Rome, they were taken to many historic spots and monuments. He rode much with Mr. Jay, at the embassy in Rome. He told him that the navy in the Adriatic felt slighted by receiving no attention or courtesies from the embassy. He said that he would correct the situation. Admiral Andrews later told Charles that the relations improved.Less
Strategically, Fiume was the most important city on the Adriatic. The old Roman road and the railroad from the Danube reached the coast at Fiume. Since ancient times, Fiume had been largely populated by Italians, as was most of the Adriatic coast. There was bitter hatred between the native inhabitants of the interior and the Italians. At this time, Charles Summerall was invited by General Pershing to accompany his party on a tour of Italy. They had visited England while Charles was at Fiume. While in Rome, they were taken to many historic spots and monuments. He rode much with Mr. Jay, at the embassy in Rome. He told him that the navy in the Adriatic felt slighted by receiving no attention or courtesies from the embassy. He said that he would correct the situation. Admiral Andrews later told Charles that the relations improved.
Maura Hametz
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780823243396
- eISBN:
- 9780823243433
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823243396.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Social History
Through the lens of the court case of Luigia Paulovich, a legal appeal filed with Administrative Court of the Council of State against the Prefect of Trieste in 1931, In the Name of Italy: Nation, ...
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Through the lens of the court case of Luigia Paulovich, a legal appeal filed with Administrative Court of the Council of State against the Prefect of Trieste in 1931, In the Name of Italy: Nation, Family, and Patriotism in a Fascist Court explores the world of Fascist justice, highlighting the interplay of Italian law and Fascist expectations against the backdrop of inherited cultural, political, and gendered beliefs. It sheds light on the nature of Fascist authority demonstrating the fragmentation of power, the constraints of dictatorship, and the limits of popular quiescence. Focusing on the proceedings of the case revealed in local documents and national court records, the compelling narrative of an elderly woman’s challenge to the “italianization” of her surname reveals institutional uncertainty, signs of underlying discontent, and legal opposition to Fascistization in the first decade of Mussolini’s rule. The book shows how Fascist aims to create a “new” society clashed with conservative notions of family, church, and patriotism to affect the legal system and the perceptions and practice of justice. It demonstrates how competing visions of nationalism and italianità in Italy’s Adriatic borderlands, Dalmatia, and Rome persisted in regional cultural and legal particularities that impeded Fascist efforts to promote national standardization and enforce government centralization. The widow’s triumph indicates that while Fascist dictatorship appeared in many guises, dissent adopted many masks.Less
Through the lens of the court case of Luigia Paulovich, a legal appeal filed with Administrative Court of the Council of State against the Prefect of Trieste in 1931, In the Name of Italy: Nation, Family, and Patriotism in a Fascist Court explores the world of Fascist justice, highlighting the interplay of Italian law and Fascist expectations against the backdrop of inherited cultural, political, and gendered beliefs. It sheds light on the nature of Fascist authority demonstrating the fragmentation of power, the constraints of dictatorship, and the limits of popular quiescence. Focusing on the proceedings of the case revealed in local documents and national court records, the compelling narrative of an elderly woman’s challenge to the “italianization” of her surname reveals institutional uncertainty, signs of underlying discontent, and legal opposition to Fascistization in the first decade of Mussolini’s rule. The book shows how Fascist aims to create a “new” society clashed with conservative notions of family, church, and patriotism to affect the legal system and the perceptions and practice of justice. It demonstrates how competing visions of nationalism and italianità in Italy’s Adriatic borderlands, Dalmatia, and Rome persisted in regional cultural and legal particularities that impeded Fascist efforts to promote national standardization and enforce government centralization. The widow’s triumph indicates that while Fascist dictatorship appeared in many guises, dissent adopted many masks.
Dominique Kirchner Reill
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- June 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780804774468
- eISBN:
- 9780804778497
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9780804774468.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History
We can often learn as much from political movements that failed as from those that achieved their goals. This book looks at one such frustrated movement: a group of community leaders and writers in ...
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We can often learn as much from political movements that failed as from those that achieved their goals. This book looks at one such frustrated movement: a group of community leaders and writers in Venice, Trieste, and Dalmatia during the 1830s, 1840s, and 1850s who proposed the creation of a multi-national zone surrounding the Adriatic Sea. At the time, the lands of the Adriatic formed a maritime community whose people spoke different languages and practiced different faiths, but identified themselves as belonging to a single region of the Habsburg Empire. While these activists hoped that nationhood could be used to strengthen cultural bonds, they also feared nationalism's homogenizing effects and its potential for violence. This book demonstrates that not all nationalisms attempted to create homogeneous, single-language, single-religion, or single-ethnicity nations. Moreover, in treating the Adriatic lands as one unit, this book serves as a correction to “national” histories that impose our modern view of nationhood on what was a multi-national region.Less
We can often learn as much from political movements that failed as from those that achieved their goals. This book looks at one such frustrated movement: a group of community leaders and writers in Venice, Trieste, and Dalmatia during the 1830s, 1840s, and 1850s who proposed the creation of a multi-national zone surrounding the Adriatic Sea. At the time, the lands of the Adriatic formed a maritime community whose people spoke different languages and practiced different faiths, but identified themselves as belonging to a single region of the Habsburg Empire. While these activists hoped that nationhood could be used to strengthen cultural bonds, they also feared nationalism's homogenizing effects and its potential for violence. This book demonstrates that not all nationalisms attempted to create homogeneous, single-language, single-religion, or single-ethnicity nations. Moreover, in treating the Adriatic lands as one unit, this book serves as a correction to “national” histories that impose our modern view of nationhood on what was a multi-national region.
Mary M. Schaefer
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199977628
- eISBN:
- 9780199369935
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199977628.003.0003
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
3–5 sentences, or around 120 words and no more than 200 words Chapter three surveys pastoral offices to which women were deputed by Christian churches other than the Church of ...
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3–5 sentences, or around 120 words and no more than 200 words Chapter three surveys pastoral offices to which women were deputed by Christian churches other than the Church of Rome. Attention is paid to churches of the East as well as to those influenced by Byzantium, e.g. in Sicily and the west coast of the Adriatic. The institution of widows in Gaul and actions of its local synods are reviewed in some detail. Evidence of presbyteras, and the life of canonesses is studied. The chapter ends with descriptions of canoness-diaconas and quasi-episcopal abbesses.Less
3–5 sentences, or around 120 words and no more than 200 words Chapter three surveys pastoral offices to which women were deputed by Christian churches other than the Church of Rome. Attention is paid to churches of the East as well as to those influenced by Byzantium, e.g. in Sicily and the west coast of the Adriatic. The institution of widows in Gaul and actions of its local synods are reviewed in some detail. Evidence of presbyteras, and the life of canonesses is studied. The chapter ends with descriptions of canoness-diaconas and quasi-episcopal abbesses.
Maura E. Hametz
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780823243396
- eISBN:
- 9780823243433
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823243396.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, Social History
This chapter explores conceptions of Italian national consciousness in the Adriatic territories. It focuses on the impact of nationalist ideas and educational philosophies on policies designed to ...
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This chapter explores conceptions of Italian national consciousness in the Adriatic territories. It focuses on the impact of nationalist ideas and educational philosophies on policies designed to promote national belonging in the new eastern border territories after World War I and in the first years after the Fascist takeover. Principles embedded in Fascist educational reforms, predicated on notions of the primacy of the state over the needs of individuals, influenced the development of the nationalization legislation. The chapter explores how attempts to inculcate conceptions of nationalism tied to Latin and Italian heritage affected nationalizing policies and their enactment in the borderland.Regionally-based understandings grounded in the Habsburg commercial heritage of Italy’s new borderlands that conflicted with Italian nationalist and irredentist ideas provoked legal conflicts at the root of the Paulovich case.Less
This chapter explores conceptions of Italian national consciousness in the Adriatic territories. It focuses on the impact of nationalist ideas and educational philosophies on policies designed to promote national belonging in the new eastern border territories after World War I and in the first years after the Fascist takeover. Principles embedded in Fascist educational reforms, predicated on notions of the primacy of the state over the needs of individuals, influenced the development of the nationalization legislation. The chapter explores how attempts to inculcate conceptions of nationalism tied to Latin and Italian heritage affected nationalizing policies and their enactment in the borderland.Regionally-based understandings grounded in the Habsburg commercial heritage of Italy’s new borderlands that conflicted with Italian nationalist and irredentist ideas provoked legal conflicts at the root of the Paulovich case.
