Colin G. Calloway
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780195340129
- eISBN:
- 9780199867202
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195340129.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, American History: early to 18th Century
The Introduction sets out the scope and themes of the book. It examines areas of similarity in the culture, perceptions, and experiences of Highland Scots and American Indians and discusses ...
More
The Introduction sets out the scope and themes of the book. It examines areas of similarity in the culture, perceptions, and experiences of Highland Scots and American Indians and discusses colonialism as a framework for understanding their histories and relations.Less
The Introduction sets out the scope and themes of the book. It examines areas of similarity in the culture, perceptions, and experiences of Highland Scots and American Indians and discusses colonialism as a framework for understanding their histories and relations.
COLIN NEWBURY
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199257812
- eISBN:
- 9780191717864
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199257812.003.08
- Subject:
- History, World Early Modern History
The kingdoms of East-Central Africa provide examples of patrimonial states utilized for the purposes of European over-rule. In societies where political clientage was ubiquitous, the Kingdom of ...
More
The kingdoms of East-Central Africa provide examples of patrimonial states utilized for the purposes of European over-rule. In societies where political clientage was ubiquitous, the Kingdom of Buganda became the archetype for a chiefly oligarchy with guaranteed status and lands, as well as a surrogate agency for administering segmentary clans in the region. It became difficult later to preserve this legacy of British administration within a unitary state, as Uganda moved towards an elected government in the 1950s. But the Kabaka of Buganda reinforced the patrimonial system of allocating offices and resources; and he became Chief of State, until his kingdom was dismantled by President Obote in 1966. Similar policies of using royal lineages to administer a subordinate peasantry were applied by German and Belgian officials in Rwanda and Burundi. The exacerbation of traditional patron client divisions by administrative patronage had disastrous consequences for relations between Tutsi and Hutu at decolonization in 1962.Less
The kingdoms of East-Central Africa provide examples of patrimonial states utilized for the purposes of European over-rule. In societies where political clientage was ubiquitous, the Kingdom of Buganda became the archetype for a chiefly oligarchy with guaranteed status and lands, as well as a surrogate agency for administering segmentary clans in the region. It became difficult later to preserve this legacy of British administration within a unitary state, as Uganda moved towards an elected government in the 1950s. But the Kabaka of Buganda reinforced the patrimonial system of allocating offices and resources; and he became Chief of State, until his kingdom was dismantled by President Obote in 1966. Similar policies of using royal lineages to administer a subordinate peasantry were applied by German and Belgian officials in Rwanda and Burundi. The exacerbation of traditional patron client divisions by administrative patronage had disastrous consequences for relations between Tutsi and Hutu at decolonization in 1962.
Julian Goodare
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199243549
- eISBN:
- 9780191714160
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199243549.003.0011
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Medieval History
Governing the Highlands was very different from governing the rest of Scotland. The political elites of the Highlands barely recognised state authority, and had few connections to regular ...
More
Governing the Highlands was very different from governing the rest of Scotland. The political elites of the Highlands barely recognised state authority, and had few connections to regular institutions of government. The internal government of the Highlands was in the hands of clan chiefs who did not routinely answer to any higher authority. This chapter takes the power of the clans as a starting point for an investigation into central government's treatment of the Highlands. It discusses some broader patterns in policy towards the Highlands, as well as the motives behind each phase. One of the most prominent phases, accompanied by sharply etched attitudes towards Highland elites, came around 1600. The experience of the political elite of the Highlands, who were not welcome or respected members of the Scottish body politic, and who came to experience a quasi-colonial relationship with the authorities, is examined. A typology of colonies shows the various ways in which this operated.Less
Governing the Highlands was very different from governing the rest of Scotland. The political elites of the Highlands barely recognised state authority, and had few connections to regular institutions of government. The internal government of the Highlands was in the hands of clan chiefs who did not routinely answer to any higher authority. This chapter takes the power of the clans as a starting point for an investigation into central government's treatment of the Highlands. It discusses some broader patterns in policy towards the Highlands, as well as the motives behind each phase. One of the most prominent phases, accompanied by sharply etched attitudes towards Highland elites, came around 1600. The experience of the political elite of the Highlands, who were not welcome or respected members of the Scottish body politic, and who came to experience a quasi-colonial relationship with the authorities, is examined. A typology of colonies shows the various ways in which this operated.
Christopher Maginn
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199697151
- eISBN:
- 9780191739262
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199697151.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History
This chapter uses the relationship between William Cecil's father, Richard, and William Wise of Waterford, both of whom were royal servants at the court of Henry VIII, as an entrée to an exploration ...
More
This chapter uses the relationship between William Cecil's father, Richard, and William Wise of Waterford, both of whom were royal servants at the court of Henry VIII, as an entrée to an exploration of society and government in the lordship of Ireland in 1520, the year of William Cecil's birth. It introduces Ireland as a territory bound to the crown of England, but which was legally and constitutionally divided between areas of English and Irish rule. This chapter will provide the necessary historical background and the political, social, and legal framework for understanding Ireland and its deepening relationship with England in the Tudor period.Less
This chapter uses the relationship between William Cecil's father, Richard, and William Wise of Waterford, both of whom were royal servants at the court of Henry VIII, as an entrée to an exploration of society and government in the lordship of Ireland in 1520, the year of William Cecil's birth. It introduces Ireland as a territory bound to the crown of England, but which was legally and constitutionally divided between areas of English and Irish rule. This chapter will provide the necessary historical background and the political, social, and legal framework for understanding Ireland and its deepening relationship with England in the Tudor period.
J. Arch Getty
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780300169294
- eISBN:
- 9780300198850
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300169294.003.0009
- Subject:
- History, Political History
This chapter details Stalin's ongoing battles with the clans. He could kill a lot of people, but he could not change the system. He could destroy the clan leaders and their followers, but he could ...
More
This chapter details Stalin's ongoing battles with the clans. He could kill a lot of people, but he could not change the system. He could destroy the clan leaders and their followers, but he could not destroy the clan system and culture. Perhaps he didn't wish to do so. The main story of this book ends with Stalin's mass attempts to destroy the clans. But, this chapter asks, what has changed since the end of World War II? To what extent is the Russia of today different from the Soviet Union of then and the Russia of the past?Less
This chapter details Stalin's ongoing battles with the clans. He could kill a lot of people, but he could not change the system. He could destroy the clan leaders and their followers, but he could not destroy the clan system and culture. Perhaps he didn't wish to do so. The main story of this book ends with Stalin's mass attempts to destroy the clans. But, this chapter asks, what has changed since the end of World War II? To what extent is the Russia of today different from the Soviet Union of then and the Russia of the past?
Bertram Wyatt-Brown
- Published in print:
- 1996
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195109825
- eISBN:
- 9780199854240
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195109825.003.0013
- Subject:
- History, Family History
LeRoy Percy considered the rebirth of the Ku Klux Klan as a powerful moment in the twentieth century, a folly that would die of its own absurdity. But some 18 million Americans were sufficiently ...
More
LeRoy Percy considered the rebirth of the Ku Klux Klan as a powerful moment in the twentieth century, a folly that would die of its own absurdity. But some 18 million Americans were sufficiently disturbed by the wrenching changes in post-World War I America to join the ranks of the KKK. The organization was built upon a long history of nativist sentiment, stretching back to the old anti-Irish Know-Nothings and anti-abolitionist, anti-black mobs in the North before the Civil War, and the fear of black insurgency and advance in the South; anxieties that persisted and even grew worse after emancipation and Confederate defeat in 1865. This chapter describes the battle waged by the Percys against the Ku Klux Clan and the actions they took after the Mississippi River flood.Less
LeRoy Percy considered the rebirth of the Ku Klux Klan as a powerful moment in the twentieth century, a folly that would die of its own absurdity. But some 18 million Americans were sufficiently disturbed by the wrenching changes in post-World War I America to join the ranks of the KKK. The organization was built upon a long history of nativist sentiment, stretching back to the old anti-Irish Know-Nothings and anti-abolitionist, anti-black mobs in the North before the Civil War, and the fear of black insurgency and advance in the South; anxieties that persisted and even grew worse after emancipation and Confederate defeat in 1865. This chapter describes the battle waged by the Percys against the Ku Klux Clan and the actions they took after the Mississippi River flood.
J. Arch Getty
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780300169294
- eISBN:
- 9780300198850
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300169294.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Political History
In old Russia, patron/client relations, “clan” politics, and a variety of other informal practices spanned the centuries. Government was understood to be patrimonial and personal rather than legal, ...
More
In old Russia, patron/client relations, “clan” politics, and a variety of other informal practices spanned the centuries. Government was understood to be patrimonial and personal rather than legal, and office holding was far less important than proximity to patrons. Using research from previously unused documents from the Communist archives, this book shows how these political practices and traditions from old Russia have persisted throughout the twentieth-century Soviet Union and down to the present day. The book examines a number of case studies of political practices in the Stalin era and after. These include cults of personality, the transformation of Old Bolsheviks into noble grandees, the Communist Party's personnel selection system, and the rise of political clans (“family circles”) after the 1917 Revolutions. Stalin's conflicts with these clans, and his eventual destruction of them, were key elements of the Great Purges of the 1930s. But although Stalin could destroy the competing clans, he could not destroy the historically embedded patron-client relationship, as a final chapter on political practice under Putin shows.Less
In old Russia, patron/client relations, “clan” politics, and a variety of other informal practices spanned the centuries. Government was understood to be patrimonial and personal rather than legal, and office holding was far less important than proximity to patrons. Using research from previously unused documents from the Communist archives, this book shows how these political practices and traditions from old Russia have persisted throughout the twentieth-century Soviet Union and down to the present day. The book examines a number of case studies of political practices in the Stalin era and after. These include cults of personality, the transformation of Old Bolsheviks into noble grandees, the Communist Party's personnel selection system, and the rise of political clans (“family circles”) after the 1917 Revolutions. Stalin's conflicts with these clans, and his eventual destruction of them, were key elements of the Great Purges of the 1930s. But although Stalin could destroy the competing clans, he could not destroy the historically embedded patron-client relationship, as a final chapter on political practice under Putin shows.
Derek W. Frisby
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- March 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780823232024
- eISBN:
- 9780823240494
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fso/9780823232024.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, American History: 19th Century
The Civil War was easily the most violent war in U.S. history, and this chapter examines the quasi-organized violence in West Tennessee after Lee's surrender. When former ...
More
The Civil War was easily the most violent war in U.S. history, and this chapter examines the quasi-organized violence in West Tennessee after Lee's surrender. When former Confederates attacked Unionists and freedpeople, the Republican state government there gave freedmen the franchise and established a state guard to corral their belligerent enemies. The state guard eventually imposed martial law on at least thirty counties and faced down the newly organized Ku Klux Klan. The fact that the Klan operated on a local stage, independent of a government, has tended to obscure both the political nature of the violence and its continuity with the four-year contest between the Union and the Confederacy. One West Tennessee Unionist put it plainly when he wrote that claims of Confederate defeat represented “the most gigantic falsehood of the age”.Less
The Civil War was easily the most violent war in U.S. history, and this chapter examines the quasi-organized violence in West Tennessee after Lee's surrender. When former Confederates attacked Unionists and freedpeople, the Republican state government there gave freedmen the franchise and established a state guard to corral their belligerent enemies. The state guard eventually imposed martial law on at least thirty counties and faced down the newly organized Ku Klux Klan. The fact that the Klan operated on a local stage, independent of a government, has tended to obscure both the political nature of the violence and its continuity with the four-year contest between the Union and the Confederacy. One West Tennessee Unionist put it plainly when he wrote that claims of Confederate defeat represented “the most gigantic falsehood of the age”.
Leonore Davidoff
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199546480
- eISBN:
- 9780191730993
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199546480.003.0014
- Subject:
- History, Social History, Family History
Living in a large family is now beyond most people's comprehension. Current opinions about the basis of intimate ties range from claims of freedom to choose emotional and sexual relationships to the ...
More
Living in a large family is now beyond most people's comprehension. Current opinions about the basis of intimate ties range from claims of freedom to choose emotional and sexual relationships to the conviction of genetically driven behaviour. Growing up with few or no siblings over a long lifespan has fuelled preoccupation with personal identity, finding the ‘real self’. A high value is put on individualism and privacy in living arrangements. Lack of aunts, uncles, and cousins as well as siblings increases the influence of peer groups. Relationships with the one or two remaining siblings may be intense: ‘life's longest relationship’ colours the world at a deep psychic level. In parts of the world kinship ties are still built into clan-like structures, the basis of economic, political, and social life. Reducing the birth rate and a public acceptance of sexual behaviour separated from reproduction would fundamentally change these societies.Less
Living in a large family is now beyond most people's comprehension. Current opinions about the basis of intimate ties range from claims of freedom to choose emotional and sexual relationships to the conviction of genetically driven behaviour. Growing up with few or no siblings over a long lifespan has fuelled preoccupation with personal identity, finding the ‘real self’. A high value is put on individualism and privacy in living arrangements. Lack of aunts, uncles, and cousins as well as siblings increases the influence of peer groups. Relationships with the one or two remaining siblings may be intense: ‘life's longest relationship’ colours the world at a deep psychic level. In parts of the world kinship ties are still built into clan-like structures, the basis of economic, political, and social life. Reducing the birth rate and a public acceptance of sexual behaviour separated from reproduction would fundamentally change these societies.
Robert J. Antony
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9789888028115
- eISBN:
- 9789882206915
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Hong Kong University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5790/hongkong/9789888028115.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, Asian History
This chapter analyzes the interactions between merchants, Christian missionaries and Japanese converts, daimyos, and pirates in the late sixteenth century. It highlights the role of Japanese and ...
More
This chapter analyzes the interactions between merchants, Christian missionaries and Japanese converts, daimyos, and pirates in the late sixteenth century. It highlights the role of Japanese and Chinese pirates in the clandestine manufacturing and smuggling of gunpowder between Japan, China, and Southeast Asia. It analyzes the dynamics of powerful bands of pirates, such as the Shirai clan and shows how piratical sea lords helped develop castle towns around the Seto Inland Sea.Less
This chapter analyzes the interactions between merchants, Christian missionaries and Japanese converts, daimyos, and pirates in the late sixteenth century. It highlights the role of Japanese and Chinese pirates in the clandestine manufacturing and smuggling of gunpowder between Japan, China, and Southeast Asia. It analyzes the dynamics of powerful bands of pirates, such as the Shirai clan and shows how piratical sea lords helped develop castle towns around the Seto Inland Sea.
