Denis Saint-Martin
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199269068
- eISBN:
- 9780191699344
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199269068.001.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Public Management, Organization Studies
In the 1980s and 1990s the governance witnessed a shift from the Weberian model of bureaucracy to the ‘new managerialism’ — a term used to describe the group of ideas imported from business and ...
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In the 1980s and 1990s the governance witnessed a shift from the Weberian model of bureaucracy to the ‘new managerialism’ — a term used to describe the group of ideas imported from business and mainly brought into government by management consultants. Over the past fifteen years, the British, French, and Canadian governments have spent growing sums of money on consulting services, thus, policy makers inside the state have increasingly been exposed to the business management ideas that consultants bring into the public sector. There are major differences in the extent to which reformers in these countries accepted these ideas in bureaucratic reform. Accordingly, this is a book about policy change and variation. It shows that the reception given by states to managerialist ideas depends on the openness of policy-making institutions to outside expert knowledge and on the organization, development, and social recognition of management consultancy.Less
In the 1980s and 1990s the governance witnessed a shift from the Weberian model of bureaucracy to the ‘new managerialism’ — a term used to describe the group of ideas imported from business and mainly brought into government by management consultants. Over the past fifteen years, the British, French, and Canadian governments have spent growing sums of money on consulting services, thus, policy makers inside the state have increasingly been exposed to the business management ideas that consultants bring into the public sector. There are major differences in the extent to which reformers in these countries accepted these ideas in bureaucratic reform. Accordingly, this is a book about policy change and variation. It shows that the reception given by states to managerialist ideas depends on the openness of policy-making institutions to outside expert knowledge and on the organization, development, and social recognition of management consultancy.
Olav Velthuis and Stefano Baia Curioni (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- April 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780198717744
- eISBN:
- 9780191787249
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198717744.001.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Knowledge Management, Public Management
This book brings together recent, multidisciplinary, cutting edge research on the globalization of markets for contemporary art. Focusing on different regions including China, Russia, India, and ...
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This book brings together recent, multidisciplinary, cutting edge research on the globalization of markets for contemporary art. Focusing on different regions including China, Russia, India, and Japan, the chapters in this book study the extent to which art markets have indeed become global. On the one hand, it focuses on organizations such as the art fairs, Internet platforms, and auction houses which have enabled global flows of contemporary art. It shows how art from places such as the Middle East has been transformed into a new asset class. On the other hand, the chapters highlight the multiple barriers which globalization has encountered in art markets. Although markets for contemporary art have indeed emerged across the globe, cross-border flows of works of art have remained comparatively insignificant. The reasons behind these barriers are explored. They include differences in taste across the globe, trade barriers in countries like India and Brazil, and vested interests of actors in local art worlds like Japan. This book recognizes the coexistence of various ecologies of contemporary art exchange and sketches the presence of resilient local networks of actors and organizations within art markets. Some chapters moreover argue that Europe and the United States continue to dominate the global market, especially when considering rankings of success and participation in the most prestigious commercial events such as Art Basel.Less
This book brings together recent, multidisciplinary, cutting edge research on the globalization of markets for contemporary art. Focusing on different regions including China, Russia, India, and Japan, the chapters in this book study the extent to which art markets have indeed become global. On the one hand, it focuses on organizations such as the art fairs, Internet platforms, and auction houses which have enabled global flows of contemporary art. It shows how art from places such as the Middle East has been transformed into a new asset class. On the other hand, the chapters highlight the multiple barriers which globalization has encountered in art markets. Although markets for contemporary art have indeed emerged across the globe, cross-border flows of works of art have remained comparatively insignificant. The reasons behind these barriers are explored. They include differences in taste across the globe, trade barriers in countries like India and Brazil, and vested interests of actors in local art worlds like Japan. This book recognizes the coexistence of various ecologies of contemporary art exchange and sketches the presence of resilient local networks of actors and organizations within art markets. Some chapters moreover argue that Europe and the United States continue to dominate the global market, especially when considering rankings of success and participation in the most prestigious commercial events such as Art Basel.
Janelle Knox-Hayes
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780198718451
- eISBN:
- 9780191787737
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198718451.001.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Political Economy, Public Management
This book explores the establishment of emissions trading as a form of environmental market-based governance in Australia, China, Europe, Japan, South Korea, and the United States. It argues that ...
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This book explores the establishment of emissions trading as a form of environmental market-based governance in Australia, China, Europe, Japan, South Korea, and the United States. It argues that international efforts to promulgate markets run up against local cultures of markets that shape economic practices and knowledge to different degrees. While the global agenda under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change has sought to develop similar systems to enable interconnected and synchronized emissions reductions, each of the cases analyzed here has produced different results. The markets and climate policies established reflect the syncretic impact of sociopolitical and cultural context on the institutional transfer of markets. Each country expresses a varying degree of ease or unease with the establishment of markets as systems of climate governance. The book also examines the material implications of emissions markets on the environment and climatic systems. It finds that cultures of markets present a substantial challenge to a universalist prescription for resolving climate change and highlights issues of citizen, state, and industry participation, and the materiality of economic and financial productivity.Less
This book explores the establishment of emissions trading as a form of environmental market-based governance in Australia, China, Europe, Japan, South Korea, and the United States. It argues that international efforts to promulgate markets run up against local cultures of markets that shape economic practices and knowledge to different degrees. While the global agenda under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change has sought to develop similar systems to enable interconnected and synchronized emissions reductions, each of the cases analyzed here has produced different results. The markets and climate policies established reflect the syncretic impact of sociopolitical and cultural context on the institutional transfer of markets. Each country expresses a varying degree of ease or unease with the establishment of markets as systems of climate governance. The book also examines the material implications of emissions markets on the environment and climatic systems. It finds that cultures of markets present a substantial challenge to a universalist prescription for resolving climate change and highlights issues of citizen, state, and industry participation, and the materiality of economic and financial productivity.
Ian McLoughlin and Rob Wilson
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199557721
- eISBN:
- 9780191761232
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199557721.001.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Public Management
Digital Government at Work aims to provide a new perspective on the use of digital technologies to provide more joined-up public services. Drawing upon extensive research conducted from ...
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Digital Government at Work aims to provide a new perspective on the use of digital technologies to provide more joined-up public services. Drawing upon extensive research conducted from inside live projects over a ten-year period, the issue of how the digitalization of services can be made more relevant and useful to both front-line service providers and the citizens they are aimed at is subject to fresh scrutiny. Using insights from the field of social informatics, the authors illustrate the dangers of too much integration and centralization of data and suggest an alternative approach based on the ideas of infrastructure and federation. Central to this is a recasting of the process of system design and adoption that places a new emphasis on the role of ‘users’ (both service providers and service end-users) in the co-production of both system and service innovations. Underpinning these arguments is an alternative model of conversational relationships or ‘architectural discourse’ through which designers engage in system design and development and users seek to articulate their needs and requirements. This framework provides a new approach to understanding how designers and users interact and opens up possibilities for innovation to take place through more effective user appropriation of technologies. It is through such means that the potential to improve the coordination of service delivery and the experience of service users can be increased. A corollary of this is that the evolution of digital era governance is more likely to be supported by infrastructural and federal information and organization architectures. In contrast to enterprise-based notions of integration and centralized data—where system designers make key a priori decisions over the way systems will be deployed and used—such architectures are inherently more open to user appropriation and user-led innovation.Less
Digital Government at Work aims to provide a new perspective on the use of digital technologies to provide more joined-up public services. Drawing upon extensive research conducted from inside live projects over a ten-year period, the issue of how the digitalization of services can be made more relevant and useful to both front-line service providers and the citizens they are aimed at is subject to fresh scrutiny. Using insights from the field of social informatics, the authors illustrate the dangers of too much integration and centralization of data and suggest an alternative approach based on the ideas of infrastructure and federation. Central to this is a recasting of the process of system design and adoption that places a new emphasis on the role of ‘users’ (both service providers and service end-users) in the co-production of both system and service innovations. Underpinning these arguments is an alternative model of conversational relationships or ‘architectural discourse’ through which designers engage in system design and development and users seek to articulate their needs and requirements. This framework provides a new approach to understanding how designers and users interact and opens up possibilities for innovation to take place through more effective user appropriation of technologies. It is through such means that the potential to improve the coordination of service delivery and the experience of service users can be increased. A corollary of this is that the evolution of digital era governance is more likely to be supported by infrastructural and federal information and organization architectures. In contrast to enterprise-based notions of integration and centralized data—where system designers make key a priori decisions over the way systems will be deployed and used—such architectures are inherently more open to user appropriation and user-led innovation.
James O'Toole
- Published in print:
- 1995
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195096446
- eISBN:
- 9780199854875
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195096446.001.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Public Management
This book uses political philosophy to examine the role of the corporation in our culture and its place in creating The Good Society. This book aims to provide business leaders with a practical ...
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This book uses political philosophy to examine the role of the corporation in our culture and its place in creating The Good Society. This book aims to provide business leaders with a practical “compass” to help them navigate the turbulent waters of social change and political conflict. The device helps managers to identify the ideological origins of contemporary political disagreements and understand the philosophical and ethical sources of our differences of opinion about such issues as executive compensation, plant closings, and environmental regulation. The beauty of this “compass” is that it provides a framework for the executive to create order out of the growing chaos of cultural diversity and conflict of values. It is aimed at expanding understanding of the interrelationship of fundamental values.Less
This book uses political philosophy to examine the role of the corporation in our culture and its place in creating The Good Society. This book aims to provide business leaders with a practical “compass” to help them navigate the turbulent waters of social change and political conflict. The device helps managers to identify the ideological origins of contemporary political disagreements and understand the philosophical and ethical sources of our differences of opinion about such issues as executive compensation, plant closings, and environmental regulation. The beauty of this “compass” is that it provides a framework for the executive to create order out of the growing chaos of cultural diversity and conflict of values. It is aimed at expanding understanding of the interrelationship of fundamental values.
Gary Anderson
Olivia S. Mitchell (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- February 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199573349
- eISBN:
- 9780191721946
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199573349.001.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Public Management, Pensions and Pension Management
People covered by public pensions are often the subject of ‘pension envy’, that is, their benefits might seem more generous and their contributions lower than those offered by the private sector. Yet ...
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People covered by public pensions are often the subject of ‘pension envy’, that is, their benefits might seem more generous and their contributions lower than those offered by the private sector. Yet this book points out that such judgments are often inaccurate, since civil servants hold jobs with few counterparts in private industry, such as firefighters, police, judges, and teachers. Often these are riskier, dirtier, and demand more loyalty and discretion than would be required of a more mobile labour force in the private sector. The debate challenges traditional ideas about how the public employee labour contract is structured and raises questions about how such employees are attracted to the public sector, retained and motivated on the job, and retired, via an entire compensation package of wages and benefits. This book explores aspects of these schemes, addressing the cost and valuation debate, along with the political economy of how public pension asset pools are perceived and managed. The discussion also explores ways that public pensions can be strengthened in the US, Japan, Canada, and Germany.Less
People covered by public pensions are often the subject of ‘pension envy’, that is, their benefits might seem more generous and their contributions lower than those offered by the private sector. Yet this book points out that such judgments are often inaccurate, since civil servants hold jobs with few counterparts in private industry, such as firefighters, police, judges, and teachers. Often these are riskier, dirtier, and demand more loyalty and discretion than would be required of a more mobile labour force in the private sector. The debate challenges traditional ideas about how the public employee labour contract is structured and raises questions about how such employees are attracted to the public sector, retained and motivated on the job, and retired, via an entire compensation package of wages and benefits. This book explores aspects of these schemes, addressing the cost and valuation debate, along with the political economy of how public pension asset pools are perceived and managed. The discussion also explores ways that public pensions can be strengthened in the US, Japan, Canada, and Germany.
Gerbrand Tholen
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780198744481
- eISBN:
- 9780191805714
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198744481.001.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Public Management
The expansion of higher education (HE) has been one of the most important changes to affect Western labour markets. More than a third of all British workers are now degree holders. The graduate ...
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The expansion of higher education (HE) has been one of the most important changes to affect Western labour markets. More than a third of all British workers are now degree holders. The graduate labour market is often understood as that part of the labour market characterized by high skills and high knowledge intensity and required in an increasingly complex economy. HE is presumed to be the developer of these advanced skills. Yet with the graduatization of the workforce come growing concerns about as well as misunderstanding of what jobs graduates occupy, how they utilize their skills, and education’s role within graduate work and the competition for jobs. The book examines some of the assumptions placed on graduate work, graduate jobs, graduate skills, and graduate careers. It provides valuable insights into how we can understand the meaning of graduate work within a rapidly changing economic, technological, and organizational context. Based on in-depth qualitative case studies on software developers, financial analysts, laboratory scientists, and press officers, the book shows that the graduate labour market is more heterogeneous than often is understood. What counts as graduate work remains contested and under constant reinterpretation and renegotiation. Also, access to work, job performance, and career advancement are not necessarily driven by university qualifications and skills associated with HE. The book begins to explore how, and to what extent, those workers with university degrees are defined by their educational experiences, status, and qualifications, mounting a powerful critique against the idealization of graduate work.Less
The expansion of higher education (HE) has been one of the most important changes to affect Western labour markets. More than a third of all British workers are now degree holders. The graduate labour market is often understood as that part of the labour market characterized by high skills and high knowledge intensity and required in an increasingly complex economy. HE is presumed to be the developer of these advanced skills. Yet with the graduatization of the workforce come growing concerns about as well as misunderstanding of what jobs graduates occupy, how they utilize their skills, and education’s role within graduate work and the competition for jobs. The book examines some of the assumptions placed on graduate work, graduate jobs, graduate skills, and graduate careers. It provides valuable insights into how we can understand the meaning of graduate work within a rapidly changing economic, technological, and organizational context. Based on in-depth qualitative case studies on software developers, financial analysts, laboratory scientists, and press officers, the book shows that the graduate labour market is more heterogeneous than often is understood. What counts as graduate work remains contested and under constant reinterpretation and renegotiation. Also, access to work, job performance, and career advancement are not necessarily driven by university qualifications and skills associated with HE. The book begins to explore how, and to what extent, those workers with university degrees are defined by their educational experiences, status, and qualifications, mounting a powerful critique against the idealization of graduate work.
Alan Baron, John Hassard, Fiona Cheetham, and Sudi Sharifi
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- December 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780198813958
- eISBN:
- 9780191851865
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198813958.001.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Organization Studies, Public Management
The literature on management and organization studies suggests the time is right for a focus on ‘care and compassion’. The aim of this book is to answer this call by examining the cultural changes ...
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The literature on management and organization studies suggests the time is right for a focus on ‘care and compassion’. The aim of this book is to answer this call by examining the cultural changes found within a particular ‘compassionate organization’—an English hospice—from its altruistic beginnings to the more professionalized culture of today. The study seeks to understand how its members identify or fail to identify with an organization where issues of life and death take centre stage and explores some of the problems the Hospice faces regarding its representation in society. These strands are then drawn together to consider the interrelationships between culture, identity, and image in the organization. An ethnographic approach—including participant observation, extended interviews, and group meetings—was used to study this organization over a period of almost two years. This enabled the production of a nuanced, sensitive, and holistic interpretation of the case study Hospice as inferred from the views of both insiders and outsiders. The findings shed new light on the literature in management studies by proposing a view of culture as a sense-making context that facilitates group socialization underpinning a sense of personal and organizational identity. The study suggests a link between culture and group identification, making discussions about culture almost inseparable from those around identity. With regard to identity and image, however, the study suggests a dynamic and iterative relationship with a continuous flow between interpretation and reinterpretation influenced by the all-pervading cultural context.Less
The literature on management and organization studies suggests the time is right for a focus on ‘care and compassion’. The aim of this book is to answer this call by examining the cultural changes found within a particular ‘compassionate organization’—an English hospice—from its altruistic beginnings to the more professionalized culture of today. The study seeks to understand how its members identify or fail to identify with an organization where issues of life and death take centre stage and explores some of the problems the Hospice faces regarding its representation in society. These strands are then drawn together to consider the interrelationships between culture, identity, and image in the organization. An ethnographic approach—including participant observation, extended interviews, and group meetings—was used to study this organization over a period of almost two years. This enabled the production of a nuanced, sensitive, and holistic interpretation of the case study Hospice as inferred from the views of both insiders and outsiders. The findings shed new light on the literature in management studies by proposing a view of culture as a sense-making context that facilitates group socialization underpinning a sense of personal and organizational identity. The study suggests a link between culture and group identification, making discussions about culture almost inseparable from those around identity. With regard to identity and image, however, the study suggests a dynamic and iterative relationship with a continuous flow between interpretation and reinterpretation influenced by the all-pervading cultural context.
Philip H. Birnbaum, Frederick A. Rossini, and Donald R. Baldwin (eds)
- Published in print:
- 1990
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195062526
- eISBN:
- 9780199854905
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195062526.001.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Public Management
This book presents a group of papers that describe the preconditions, processes, and outcomes of interdisciplinary research projects from the United States, Canada, Israel, Japan, Brazil, the German ...
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This book presents a group of papers that describe the preconditions, processes, and outcomes of interdisciplinary research projects from the United States, Canada, Israel, Japan, Brazil, the German Democratic Republic, and Romania. The papers describe the problems and approaches to successfully managing projects in government, private firms, and universities. The book also includes a comprehensive, annotated bibliography.Less
This book presents a group of papers that describe the preconditions, processes, and outcomes of interdisciplinary research projects from the United States, Canada, Israel, Japan, Brazil, the German Democratic Republic, and Romania. The papers describe the problems and approaches to successfully managing projects in government, private firms, and universities. The book also includes a comprehensive, annotated bibliography.
Sue Dopson and Louise Fitzgerald
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199259014
- eISBN:
- 9780191718113
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199259014.001.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Public Management
Health services can and should be improved by applying research findings about best practice. This book explores why it proves notoriously difficult to implement change based on research evidence in ...
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Health services can and should be improved by applying research findings about best practice. This book explores why it proves notoriously difficult to implement change based on research evidence in the face of strong professional views and complex organizational structures. It draws on a large body of evidence acquired in the course of nearly fifty case studies using data from 1,400 interviews with doctors, nurses, and managers, as well as observations and documentary analysis. Using qualitative methods to study hospital and primary care settings, the book aims to shed light on why attempts to introduce evidence-based practice in the UK NHS succeeded in some cases where in others it faltered. By opening up the intricacies and complexities of change in the NHS, it reveals the limitations of simplistic approaches to implementing research or introducing evidence-based health care. The book provides an analysis rooted in a range of theoretical perspectives that underlines the intimate links between organizational structures and cultures and the utilization of knowledge, and draws conclusions significant for other areas of public management. The findings have implications for the utilization of knowledge in situations where there is a professional tradition working within a politically sensitive blend of public service, managerial accountability, and technical expertise.Less
Health services can and should be improved by applying research findings about best practice. This book explores why it proves notoriously difficult to implement change based on research evidence in the face of strong professional views and complex organizational structures. It draws on a large body of evidence acquired in the course of nearly fifty case studies using data from 1,400 interviews with doctors, nurses, and managers, as well as observations and documentary analysis. Using qualitative methods to study hospital and primary care settings, the book aims to shed light on why attempts to introduce evidence-based practice in the UK NHS succeeded in some cases where in others it faltered. By opening up the intricacies and complexities of change in the NHS, it reveals the limitations of simplistic approaches to implementing research or introducing evidence-based health care. The book provides an analysis rooted in a range of theoretical perspectives that underlines the intimate links between organizational structures and cultures and the utilization of knowledge, and draws conclusions significant for other areas of public management. The findings have implications for the utilization of knowledge in situations where there is a professional tradition working within a politically sensitive blend of public service, managerial accountability, and technical expertise.
1895
1929
1971
1989
42
“A Gentleman and an Officer”
‘A Nation of Beggars’?
The A Priori in Philosophy
A. J. Appasamy and his Reading of Rāmānuja
